Roman Ingarden's Ontology of Relations
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Abstract
Roman Ingarden's ontological conception of relations constitutes a complex and unconventional approach to this issue. Nevertheless, it has not become a central focus for researchers’ interest in Ingarden's work, nor does it serve as a significant point of reference for contemporary ontologists exploring relations. Therefore, given its indisputable value on the one hand, and the limited scope of existing research on the other, an analysis of Ingarden's theory of relations, along with an attempt to situate it within a broader context, seem justified. I begin this work by presenting, in the first chapter, three fundamental ways of conceiving relations: as polyadic properties, as sui generis properties, and as reducible to ordinary non-relational properties. The second chapter is devoted to an introduction to Ingarden's theory of relations, in which I discuss both a number of formal-ontological issues as well as the problem of the existential status of relations. The third chapter provides a detailed examination of the multi-element formal structure of relations according to Ingarden's view. Finally, in the fourth chapter, Ingarden's theory is compared with the previously discussed approaches to understanding relations, which highlights its synthetic character
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